Currency and paper test means



Dec. 17, 1963 w. A. PATZER CURRENCY AND PAPER TEST MEANS Filed Aug. 31, 1960 mQT/ v NS,\ WL MS N N .man ranked? anal dm. u

United StatesPatent O 3,114,444 CURRENCY AND PAPER TEST MEANS William A. Patzer, Chicago, Ill., assgnor, by mesne assignments, to Automatic Canteen Company of America, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Filed Aug. 31, 1960, Ser. No. 53,165 11 Claims. (Cl. 194-4) This invention relates in general to a material or currency testing arrangement and more particularly to an arrangement for testing several different types of material or currency and to an arrangement incorporating certain novel test apparatus for use in performing a test on any of said types.

In its organization the present invention largely comprises novel structure for a currency acceptance unit and constitutes an improvement over the apparatus disclosed in application Ser. No. 744,966, filed on lune 6, 1958. That application and applications associated therewith disclose the mechanical structure and the basic circuit arrangements permitting certain currency evaluations to be made. The arrangement by which this is done comprises a horizontal slide having a trough therein `into which currency such as a dollar bill is deposited. A door hingedly secured to the slide is closed over the deposited currency and the slide carrying the currency is reciprocated into a test position between certain lamps and light responsive cells. On the slide being operated into the test position, appropriate circuitry is controlled to operate a solenoid, which locks the slide in place.l The lamps are then lighted. The light is transmitted in various degrees through respective areas of the currency depending, of course, on the color and value of the respective areas. The light responsive cells underlying the various areas respond to the quantity of light passing through those areas to provide an indication of the acceptability of the currency. Thus these cells are divided into three groups called black, white and green in accordance with the well known characteristics of currency notes. The currency is rejected if either the zblack or green cells receive more than a predetermined amount of light or the white cells less than a predetermined amount of light. If found unacceptable the slide is released and coin payout prevented. lf found acceptable the currency is collected into a cash box on being stripped from the slide. This is done by a stripper motor, solenoid and guillotine arrangement which operate as described in the mentioned application. Thereafter a tray clear test as described in subsequent applications may be performed to verify that the note has been stripped from the trough. A coin payout motor is now energized and it operates a cam or linger in any well known manner to dispense the required coins. The slide is also released and automatically reciprocated into its unoperated position where it is prepared to receive another deposit of currency. l

In the system described, use is made of cells which generate current in response to activation by light and in proportion to the amount of light striking the cells. The light responsive cells underlying the paper or currency for measurement of the amount of light transmission are connected to meter or galvanorneter type relays which, in effect, measure the current generated by the cells whereby a needle is caused to swing to a certain predetermined position for contact to close a circuit. This system is subject to limitations from the standpoint of sensitivity and flexibilities in operation. The amount of current generated by the cells is so low and often so variable as to limit the sensitivity of the system. This in turn limits the reliability of the tests such that, in the case of dollar bills, for example, when the elements are set to reject any illegitimate currency, a substantial percentage of the 3,114,444 Patented Dec. 17, 1963 ice legitimate currency will also be found incapable of passing the tests.

Further, such galvanometer type relays are subject to a number of limitations in use. They are limited in the number of contacts or settings that can be made thereby to a separate galvanometer type relay for each setting. Where tests include both minimum and maximum light transmission through dierent colors, etc., the complete duplication of elements are required thereby materially to increase the cost as well as the space required for the test unit.

In addition the structure disclosed in the aforementioned application was intended for use in testing a note of one denomination. This, of course, necessitated that separate test apparatus be provided for each denomination note thereby limiting the applicability of the test arrangement described in the aforementioned application.

An important concept of this invention resides in the modification of the electrical system whereby the response to the amount of light transmission through the paper 0r currency will be immediately effective to provide an extremely sensitive control the passage of suicient current to control the subsequent operations. For this purpose, instead of making use of light responsive cells which generate current in response to light, use is made of cells in which the resistance to the passage of electrical current is responsive to the amount of light striking the cells. Thusl the light responsive cells can be inserted in series in the line from a power source to the operating relays. However, the amount of current passing through the cells Y would be controlled by the resistance in the cells as effected by the amount of light transmitted through the overlying section of currency to strike the underlying cell.

A further and distinct advantage in the use of such light responsive resistance cells resides in the fact that the cells are not subject to loss of life or variation in response. Thus once a setting has been made for the amount of current passing through the cell, no further adjustments, replacement or repair will be required. This operates not only to increase the sensitivity of the unit but it also permits the elimination of the galvanometer type relay so that each cell can be used for maximum and minimum tests and considerable savings are experienced in the cost as well as the size of the unit. Cells of the type described are fabricated with cadmium sulfide, lead sulfide or other metal suliides as the light sensitive medium.

Thus by providing cadmium or lead sulfide or similar sulde type cells associated with respective areas of the note, a great variance can be detected between different light conditions. For example, under no or comparatively little light conditions, the resistance of such a cell is very high, in fact practically preventing current flow therethrough, whereas under light conditions as contemplated herein the resistance value may fall to as little as 2000 ohms.

Under this condition it is possible to control a conventional or binary type relay directly from the cell arrangement. Having devised a scheme for utilizing a conventional relay it was then possible to derive a scheme whereby the cells could control respective relays in accordance with various circuit conditions to simultaneously determine whether the note was transmitting either too much or too little light.

With this arrangement it is also possible to provide simplified circuit controls which permit testing for notes of several denominations utilizing the same apparatus by switching the resistance values to be used with certain cells in accordance with the light conditions to which they are exposed when associated with notes of different denominations.

Another important concept of this invention resides in control of light striking the paper or currency whereby light rays in uniform distribution are directed substantially perpendicularly onto the face of the paper or currency thereby to avoid variations in light intensity or direction when the source of light is spaced variable distances from different portions of the material to be tested. For this purpose, use is made of a diifusor plate of a translucent material located between the light source and the material to be tested with the face of the plate substantially parallel with the face of the paper or currency in test position. The diffusor plate effects light distribution and it operates also preferably to bend the light rays for emission in a direction which is more perpendicular to the currency.

It will also be understood from the description of the structure and arrangement shown in the aforementioned application that responsive to the testing of a valid currency note, the note is automatically collected and coin payout permitted. Wherefore, the present invention utilizes the validity test apparatus in a novel manner to provide a simple economical verification that a valid currency note has been collected responsive to the test before coin payout can be initiated.

It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a simple, economical material or currency test arrangement.

It is another object of this invention to provide a currency or material test apparatus which tests each note simultaneously `for both minimum and maximum light transmission to determine the validity of each note.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a currency or material validity or evaluation test in which currency or material of different character can be tested.

It is still another object of this invention to utilize light responsive apparatus of the type whose resistance value varies within great limits responsive to the presence or absence of light for conducting a currency evaluation test.

It is still another object of this invention to utilize light responsive apparatus which is capable of operating binary type relays for conducting a currency validity test.

It is still another object of this invention to utilize the currency test apparatus to simply and economically determine that a valid note has been collected before coin payout is permitted.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, arrangement and a combination of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that various changes in the form, arrangement and minor details of the structure or circuits may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of lthe invention.

IFor the purpose of facilitating an understanding of this invention, there is illustrated in the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment thereof, from an inspection of which, when considered in connection with the following description, this invention, its mode of construction, assembly and operation, and many of its advantages should be readily understood and appreciated.

The drawing illustrates a circuit arrangement for determining the validity of a currency note in accordance with the principles of the invention.

Referring now to the drawing, there will be seen currency test apparatus for testing notes of various denomination such as one dollar and five dollar notes. In this arrangement a considerably simplified test is provided for each note by the use, for example, of cadmium sulfide cells. These cells indicated by the reference characters 96, 97, 98 and 99 respectively are characterized by a large drop in resistance value when exposed to light. This permits `the direct operation of a binary or conventional type relay. The cells are arranged under respectively hued portions of the note Z9 and, of course, a diffuser plate 27 of translucent material may be located between the light source 15 and 16 and the note 29. If it is desired to test notes of respective denominations in their non-corresponding hued or colored areas, corresponding control circuits are introduced. As shown herein different circuits are utilized with the same cells 96 and 97 when testing notes of different denominations. It will be noted that Athe cells 96 and 97 which underlie the white and green areas respectively are arranged in series due to the capacity of these areas of the bill or note to pass comparatively large amounts of light. The cells 98 and 99 underlying the black areas of the notes, however, are arranged in parallel as the comparative dark areas of the -bill pass substantially less light.

Each group of cells 96-99 is connected through respective potentiometers 91, 93, 94 and 95 to respective binary relays 29, 30, 40 and 50. The potentiometers are each adjusted to either permit or prevent the operation of the respective relay Ztl-5t) when a desired light value is transmitted to the respective cells. Therefore, if any relay operates when it should not, or fails to operate when it should, an indication is provided that the note is invalid. In addition, potentiometers 89 and 92 are provided to be substituted for potentiometers 93 and 91 respectively when a test is being conducted on a five dollar currency note, whereas the potentiometers 91 and 93 are used on a one dollar currency note test.

As explained inthe aforementioned application, a lock solenoid indicated at 6i) is provided, as are note feeler switches 72, these being operated responsive to the positioning of the currency note in the test area. The lock solenoid 60 permits operation of the timer motor 185 which initi-ates the various test sequences and lights lamps 15 and 16. In addition to the conventional 115 volt A.C. source indicated at 35, transformers 180 and 181 are provided for furnishing 12 and 24 volts respectively to certain apparatus from the 115 volt source 35. The A.C. source 35 is extended from terminals 36 and 37 and these reference characters are applied throughout the drawings to indicate the corresponding A.C. terminals.

The l2 volt output of transformer 18) is extended through the rectifier arrangement 182 and over conductors 188 and 188 to the light responsive test cells 96-99 and their respective relays Zit-50. The 24 volt transformer 181 furnishes power to the various relays 150 and 160 controlled in response to the test and also to the one dollar and five dollar coin payout mechanisms (not shown).

The payout mechanisms are not shown but are indicated as connected over conductors 193 and 194, respectively. Either is operated after the stripper motor and stripper solenoid 70 are operated to strip the note from the test area into a collect box as described in the aforementioned application. However, in this case the currency test cells 99 are also used to determine or verify that the note has been properly collected. Therefore, the operation of the coin payout arrangement is not only under control of the stripper motor 8G and solenoid 70, but the verification by the cells 99 that the note has actually been collected. The coin payout apparatus may be of any conventional type or as described in the aforeentioned application and as the function thereof is merely to provide coin payout commensurate with the denomination of the note, they are their manner of operation is not shown or described.

In addition to the aforementioned apparatus a one dollar push button 162 and a iive dollar push button 191 with respective relays 120 and 110 are shown. These are provided so that the person who makes or initiates the currency test can indicate to the apparatus whether a one or five dollar test is to be performed. Operation of the one dollar push button 192 prevents operation of the five dollar relay and likewise operation of the five dollar push button w1 prevents operation of the one dollar relay 120. With this arrangement the test current or voltage values passed by the respective cells are calibrated in accordance with the operated push button, so that if either button is operated incorrectly, the note is rejected.

The currency test operation is initiated by depositing a note in the slide trough and operating the slide to place the note in the currency test area, all as explained in the aforementioned application. At that time switch contacts 72 close indicating the note is properly positioned. The 115 volt source 35 is then connected over from terminal 37, contact 172, conductor 191, switches 72, through the lock solenoid 64) to terminal 36 of the source to energize solenoid 6i). This locks the slide in its operated position as explained in the aforementioned application. The lock solenoid on locking the slide causes the operation of contacts 61 as explained in the aforementioned application, and this connects power on conductor 191 through contacts 112 to the push button contact 102.

If the note is a one dollar note, the corresponding push button is operated to open contacts 192 and connect the 115 Volt source across relay 12() at contacts 103.

Relay 12) locks operated at contacts 122 and at contacts 121 opens a possible circuit through the ve dollar push button 1111 to relay 110. At contacts 123 it energizes the timer motor 185 by extending conductor 191 thereto.

The timer motor 185 now initiates its operation and its rotor contact 136 initially contacts conductor 196 to extend one side of source 35 through the lamps 15 and 16 for energizing and lighting the lamps.

With the lamps now lighted, the respective light responsive cells 96-99 react to the degree of light transmitted by their associated areas of the note 29. If insufficient light is transmitted, none of the various relays 21)-51) may operate while if excessive light is transmitted, all of the relays 20-51) may energize. Thus if either one of relays 3), 4t) or 5t) energizes, or if relay 2t) fails to energize, conductor 198 is not connected to conductor 197 and the note will be rejected as invalid.

Assuming the presence of a valid note only relay 2t) operates. 1t connects one side of the output of the 24 volt transformer 181 through contacts 173, conductor 193, contacts 51, 41, 31 and 21 to open contacts 141. Thereafter the rotor contact 185 connects the source 35 across relay 141) and relay 141) operates. It closes contacts 141 to now connect relay 150 across the 24 volt transformer 131.

Relay 151) energizes to lock operated over contact 173 and 153 while at contacts 152 it energizes its slave relay 161). At contacts 151 relay 15) prepares for a coin dispensing operation and at contacts 154 prepares for the operation of the stripper solenoid 7h. Thereafter rotor contact 156 disconnects power from relay 141) and it restores, however, relay 151) holds operated over its locking circuit.

With relays 150 and 161) operated, contacts 161 and 154 are closed. Conductor 191 is extended through the contacts 161 to energize the stripper motor and at contacts 154 and 81 conductor 191 is extended to energize the stripper solenoid 70. The note is now stripped from the trough and carried or deposited into a collect box while the stripper motor and solenoid 7i) complete their cycle and return to normal, all as described in the aforementioned application.

With the note extracted from the slide trough, the cells 96-99 are fully exposed to the light emanating from lamps 15 and 16 so that a tray clear test is conducted to verify the collection of the note. Black cellsr99 operate accordingly to close contacts 52. This connects the one dollar payout conductor 194 across the output of transformer 181, as soon as relay 13() operates under control of the timer motor 185. Relay 131) is operated by the motor contact 186 over conductor 107 shortly after relay 140 is released. Thus the one dollar payout is Vconnected across the output of transformer 181 through contacts 116, 131,V

151, 52 and 153 so that coin payout is initiated. The coin payout arrangement thereafter completes its operative cycle Without regard to the interruption of the just described circuit by restoration of relay 130, when rotor contact 186 disconnects therefrom in a manner similar to that described in the aforementioned application.

Following the tray clear test and initiation of the coin payout, the reset relay 17) is operated by rotor contact 135. Reset relay 17) opens contact 173 to deenergize relays 151) and 160. Before the circuit to relay 17) is opened by rotor contact 186, the rotor contact completes a circuit from the A.C. source 35 for its own motor 185. This permits the motor 185 to complete the cycle after which it opens its own circuit as contact 186 disconnects from its own motor circuit.

Relay 171) at contacts 171 and 172 de-energizes the lock solenoid 6) and relay 121). The original circuit to motor 135 is also opened, but it continues its operation as just described. With the lock solenoid 64) de-energized, the slide is released and the apparatus is returned to normal preparatory to another test.

. On a five dollar test, push button 1M is operated after the lock solenoid 6i) has been operated as described. A circuit is then completed from the source 35 and conductor 191 through contacts 172, 61, 112, 102, 121 and 151 to energize relay 11). Y

Relay 11i) locks operated at contacts 111 and at contacts 112 opens its original operating circuit and a possible operating circuit for relay 121). It will be noted that if buttons 191 and 132 were operated simultaneously, contacts 102 are open to prevent operation of relay 110 and only relay 121) would be operated.

At contacts 113 relay 11) connects conductor 191 to relay 1) to energize that relay. At contacts 114 it energizes the timer motor 135 from conductor 191. At contacts 116 it opens the circuit to the one dollar payout control arrangement and at contacts prepares the circuit to the five dollar payout arrangement over conductor 193.

With relay 1t) operated, the White and green cells 96 and 97 respectively are switched from potentiometers 91 and 93 at contacts 11 and 13 respectively to potentiometers 89 and 92 respectively at contacts 12 and 14. The connections are to the same relays 21)-51) as previously described but in this case the change in potentiometers permits the relays to be controlled in accordance with the different light values transmitted by a note of the five dollar denomination.

Thus if excessive light is transmitted responsive to the lighting of lamps 15 and 16, relays 3i), 4t) and 50 may each operate to prevent completion of a circuit to relay 15) either on a one dollar or five dollar test. If on the other hand insufficient light is transmitted, relay 2) fails to operate to prevent operation of relay 15() on either a one dollar or five dollar test.

With the foregoing exceptions the test proceeds as described for the one dollar note and on completion thereof the tray clear test is also performed as before described.

Relay 13() operates as before described, however, the output of transformer 131 is now connected through contacts 115 to control the five dollar coin payout over conductor 193 instead of the one dollar coin payout, and coin disposal proceeds accordingly.

In the event one of relays 30-5t) operated when it should not have, contacts 31, 41 and/or 51 are open. If relay 2) failed to operate contacts 21 are open. A circuit to relay 151) is therefore not completed when relay 140 operates. The release of relay 14) following its operation thereafter prevents completion of such a circuit. Relays 151) and 161) therefore do not operate and the circuit to the stripper motor Si) and solenoid 70 are not completed. Likewise circuits to the respective coin payout control arrangements over either conducts 193 or 194 remain open as contactsv 151 remain open nor can the tray clear test be performed. Relay 17) operating thereafter releases the operated apparatus and the note is returned with the reciprocated slide.

In the event the note was not stripped, the tray clear test which follows the validity test is not successful, because insuticient light is transmitted through the dark areas of the bill overlying cells 99 to operate relay Si). Contacts 52 therefore remain open and no circuit is completed to the coin disposal arrangement. Relay i7() operating thereafter releases the operated apparatus to restore the slide to normal.

While the invention has been described with reference to the testing of paper currency, it will be understood that the concepts of this invention will have application to the testing of other sheet material advanced to a position for test whereupon the sheet material is either accepted and removed or else rejected and returned or otherwise disposed of. Such other sheet material may include cellulosic or plastic strips having printing or color designations thereon or therein such as tickets, checks, printed plastics, printed cards or other printed or colored sheet stock.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that I have provided a novel, economical, useful and simple arrangement for determining the validity or identification of a material or currency and for control in the movements thereof to and away from test position; but, it should be understood that the particular embodiment or forms of the invention described herein are not limitations upon other manners of practicing the invention.

I claim:

l. A material testing arrangement for determining the acceptability of material having a plurality of different valued transmitting areas comprising means for addressing light waves onto one side of said material while in a test positon, a plurality of cells whose resistance to the passage of electrical current therethrough varies in response to the amount of light striking the cells, means for passing electrical current through said cells, a plurality of binary relays individually responsive to the amount of current transmitted by each of said cells for determining the acceptability of said material, and means responsive to the operation of one or more of said relays for rejecting said material.

2. A testing arrangement for determining the acceptability of material having a plurality of differently valued light wave transmitting areas comprising a source of light waves for addressing the light onto one side of said material while in a test position, a plurality of sets of light responsive cells whose respective resistance to the passage of electrical current therethrough varies in accordance with the amount of light transmitted from said material to said cells, means for passing electrical current through said light responsive cells, and means responsive to the amount of current transmitted by said cells for determining the acceptability of said material, said last mentioned means comprising a plurality of binary relays controlled by the response of said sets of cells, and collecting means governed by the cooperative response of said relays for collecting acceptable material.

3. A testing arrangement for initiating the acceptance of a material portions of which have high light transmission characteristics and other portions of which have lower light transmission characteristics comprising means for addressing light waves onto one side of said material while in a test position, a plurality of light responsive cells whose respective resistance values to the passage of electrical current therethrough varies in accordance with the amount of light striking said cells and in which said cells are located adjacent the opposite side of said material to underlie selected areas of different light transmitting characteristics, means for passing electrical current through said light responsive cells, and means responsive to the amount of current transmitted by said cells for determining the acceptability of said material, said last means comprising a plurality of binary relays electrically connected to said plurality of cells.

4. A testing arrangement for determining the acceptability of a material portions of which have high light transmission characteristics and other portions of which have lower light transmission characteristcs comprising means for addressing light waves onto one side of said material while in a test position, a plurality of light responsive cells whose respective resistance values to the passage of electrical current therethrough varies in accordance with the amount of light striking said cells and in which said cells are located adjacent the opposite side of said material to underlie selected areas of different light transmitting characteristics, means for passing electrical current through said responsive cells, means responsive to the amount of current transmitted by each of said cells for determining the acceptability of said material, means for advancing said material to test position, means for automatically retracting said material from said test position, means controlled by said cells for thereafter verifying the retraction of said material, said controlled means comprising a plurality of binary relays electrically connected directly to respective ones of said cells and operated thereby into one of two conditions dependent on the drop in resistance value of the connected cells on exposure to light transmitted by respective cells.

5. A currency testing device for determining the acceptability of currency notes of different denominations comprising means for passing light through respective areas of each of said pieces of currency, a plurality of light responsive cells arranged to receive light transmitted from the respective areas when in test position, said cells being characterized by variation in resistance to the passage oE current therethrough in proportion to the amount of light striking said cells, means for passing electrical current through said cells, control means actuated by the amount of current transmitted by said cells responsive to a predetermined amount of light identiably corresponding to the denomination of each currency tested to determine the acceptability of respective currencies of different denominations, said control means comprising a plurality of bi-stable relays controlled in response to the amount of current transmitted by said cells, certain of said relays in one stable condition and other of said relays in another stable condition to determine a note acceptable.

6. The device claimed in claim 5 wherein coins are dispensed corresponding in value to the denomination of each accepted note, and means operated by said control means for permitting the dispensing of coins corresponding to the denomination of a note which is determined acceptable.

7. The device claimed in claim 6 wherein each acceptable note is automatically collected, means including said cells and said control means for verifying the collection of each note to permit said operation of said means for dispensing coins.

8. A material testing arrangement for determining the acceptability of a material in accordance with the response of respective areas to the transmission of light therethrough when in test position comprising a plurality of sets of light responsive cells arranged to receive light waves transmitted from respective ones of said areas when the material is in test position, said cells being characterized by a variation in resistance to the passage of electrical current therethrough in proportion to the amount of light striking said cells, and a respective binary relay for respective ones of said sets of cells, said relays controlled by the amount of current transmitted therethrough to complete an output circuit through the contacts of said relays to effectuate the acceptance of said material responsive to predetermined amounts in the passage of current through said respective cells.

9. A testing arrangement for determining the acceptability of a material, portions of which have high light transmission characteristics and other portions of which have lower light transmission characteristics, comprising means for addressing light waves onto one side of said material while in a test position, a plurality of light responsive cells Whose respective resistance to the passage of electrical current varies in accordance with the amount of light striking said cells and in which said cells are located adjacent the opposite side of said material to underlie selected areas of dillerent light transmitting characteristics, means for passing electrical current through said light responsive cells, means responsive to the amount of current transmitted by said cells for determining the acceptability of said material, said last means comprising a plurality of binary relays electrically connected to said plurality of cells, means for advancing said material to test position, means for automatically retracting said material from said test position, and means controlled by said cells for thereafter verifying the retraction of said material.

l0. A device for accepting valid currency notes of various denominations each of which has surface configurations differently located therein, a light source positioned to transmit light through a note in said device, a plurality of sets of light responsive cells positoned adjacent the side or" a note remote from the light source, said cells of a type which responds to changes in received light by changing the cell electrical resistance, a plurality of bi-stable relays, means settable in a rst condition for electrically connecting each of said sets of cells to an individual one of said relays for completion of a circuit through the contacts ot all said relays to accept a valid note of a iirst denomination, and means settable in a second condition for varying the operative level of said relays to the response ot the cells to a valid note of another denomination for completing a circuit through the contacts of said relays to accept a note of another denomination.

ll. A currency note acceptance device for use with notes of various denominations each of which has areas of dierent surface coloration differently located therein, a light source positioned to transmit light through a note inserted in said device, a plurality of sets of light responsive cells positoned adjacent the side of a note remote from the light source, said cells of a type which responds to changes in light received by changing the cell electrical resistance, a plurality of oi-stable relays, means settable in a lirst condition for electrically connecting each of said sets of cells to individual ones of said relays to complete a circuit through the contacts of said relays to accept a valid note of a lirst denomination, means settable vin a second condition for conditioning said relays to the response ot the cells to a valid note of another denomination for the completion of a circuit through the contacts of said relays to accept a valid note of another denomination, and means manually operable to condition said settable means to one or the other of said conditions.

Reierences Cited in the file of this patent UNlTED STATES lATENS 2,594,514 Sweet Apr. 29, 1952 2,720,812 Middleton Oct. 18, 1955 2,842,679 Goodwin July 8,1958 2,9ll,88l Franklin Nov. l0, 1959 2,939,361 Hock lune 7, 1960 2,950,799 Timms Aug. 30, 1960 3,042,806 Lubin July 3, 1962 3,945,364 Surber Iuly 24, 1962 

1. A MATERIAL TESTING ARRANGEMENT FOR DETERMINING THE ACCEPTABILITY OF MATERIAL HAVING A PLURALITY OF DIFFERENT VALUED TRANSMITTING AREAS COMPRISING MEANS FOR ADDRESSING LIGHT WAVES ONTO ONE SIDE OF SAID MATERIAL WHILE IN A TEST POSITION, A PLURALITY OF CELLS WHOSE RESISTANCE TO THE PASSAGE OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT THERETHROUGH VARIES IN RESPONSE TO THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT STRIKING THE CELLS, MEANS FOR PASSING ELECTRICAL CURRENT THROUGH SAID CELLS, A PLURALITY OF BINARY RELAYS INDIVIDUALLY RESPONSIVE TO THE AMOUNT OF CURRENT TRANSMITTED BY EACH OF SAID CELLS FOR DETERMINING THE ACCEPTABILITY OF SAID MATERIAL, AND MEANS RESPONSIVE TO THE OPERATION OF ONE OR MORE OF SAID RELAYS FOR REJECTING SAID MATERIAL. 